Efficacy and safety of intratracheal administration of budesonide combined with pulmonary surfactant in preventing bronchopulmonary dysplasia: a prospective randomized controlled trial / 中国当代儿科杂志

OBJECTIVES@#To study the efficacy and safety of early intratracheal administration of budesonide combined with pulmonary surfactant (PS) in preventing bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD).@*METHODS@#A prospective randomized controlled trial was designed. A total of 122 infants with a high risk of BPD who were admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit of the Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University from January to July 2021 were enrolled. The infants were randomly divided into a conventional treatment group with 62 infants (treated with PS alone at an initial dose of 200 mg/kg, followed by a dose of 100 mg/kg according to the condition of the infant) and an observation group with 60 infants (treated with PS at the same dose as the conventional treatment group, with the addition of budesonide 0.25 mg/kg for intratracheal instillation at each time of PS application). The two groups were compared in terms of the times of PS use, ventilator parameters at different time points, oxygen inhalation, incidence rate and severity of BPD, incidence rate of complications, and tidal breathing pulmonary function at the corrected gestational age of 40 weeks.@*RESULTS@#Compared with the conventional treatment group, the observation group had a significantly lower proportion of infants using PS for two or three times (P<0.05). Compared with the conventional treatment group, the observation group had a significantly lower fraction of inspired oxygen at 24 and 48 hours and 3, 7, and 21 days after administration, significantly shorter durations of invasive ventilation, noninvasive ventilation, ventilator application, and oxygen therapy, a significantly lower incidence rate of BPD, and a significantly lower severity of BPD (P<0.05). There was no significant difference in the incidence rate of glucocorticoid-related complications between the two groups (P>0.05).@*CONCLUSIONS@#Compared with PS use alone in preterm infants with a high risk of BPD, budesonide combined with PS can reduce repeated use of PS, lower ventilator parameters, shorten the duration of respiratory support, and reduce the incidence rate and severity of BPD, without increasing the incidence rate of glucocorticoid-related complications.

Comparison of patients' vision and visual quality following refractive rotationally asymmetric mutifocal intraocular lens and diffractive multifocal intraocular lens implantation / 眼科新进展

Objective To compare the vision and visual quality after implantation of refractive rotationally asymmetric mutifocal IOL (SBL-3) and diffractive mutifocal IOL (Zeiss809) in cataract surgery.Methods Totally 80 patients (100 eyes) who underwent cataract surgery in our hospital from May 2016 to June 2017 were chosen in the research,followed by the implantation of SBL-3 in 39 patients (50 eyes,SBL group) and Zeiss809 in other 41 patients (50 eyes,Zeiss group).The gender,age,length of optic axis and corneal curvature between the both groups were not significantly different (all P ＞ 0.05) before surgery.Variables including far,middle and near uncorrected vision acuity,defocus curves,vision quality were observed 3 months after surgery.Objective scattering index (OSI),modulation transfer function cutoff frequency(MTFcutoff) and Strehl ratio (SR) were detected,and objective optical quality analysis system was conducted.Results Both groups has no ocular hypertension and complications after surgery.The far uncorrected vision acuity of both groups in 3 months after surgery showed significant statistic difference from preoperation (both P ＜ 0.01).There has no statistic difference between both groups in far and near uncorrected vision acuity 3 months after surgery (both P ＞0.05).SBL group showed better outcomes than that in Zeiss group in the middle uncorrected vision acuity 3 months after surgery (P =0.04).Defocus curves showed the better middle uncorrected vision acuity in SBL group than that in Zeiss group when the degree was-1.50 D (70 cm).The OSI,MTFcutoff and SR in both groups significantly improved after surgery when compared with before surgery (all P ＜0.05).And the OSI,MTFcutoff and SR 3 months after surgery had no statistic difference between the two groups (all P ＞ 0.05).Questionnaire results showed there were 3 patients in SBL group and 4 in Zeiss group complaining glare at night,and there was no statistic difference between the two groups (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion Both refractive rotationally asymmetric mutifocal IOL and diffractive multifocal IOL shows satisfactory vision acuity after cataract surgery.Significant improvement of vision quality in both groups can be presented after IOL implantation.

Serological Study of An Imported Case of Middle East Respiratory Syndrome and His Close Contacts in China, 2015 / 生物医学与环境科学（英文）

The first imported Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) case in China was identified in May 2015. We determined the kinetics of antibody (IgG and IgM) and neutralizing antibodies against MERS-coronavirus (MERS-CoV) in this case before discharge. Moreover, no seroconversion was found among 53 close contacts by anti-MERS IgG antibody enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) of paired serum samples. These findings suggest that neither community nor nosocomial transmission of MERS-CoV occurred in China.

Analysis on plantar force parameters of gait under different simulated gravities / 医用生物力学

Objective To investigate the plantar force characteristics during human walking and running under different gravity environment. Methods Seven healthy male volunteers walked and ran in vertical position on a weight-loss suspension treadmill under simulated Mars gravity (1/3 G) and lunar gravity (1/6 G), and traditional earth gravity (1 G) respectively at three different velocities (3, 7 and 10 km/h). During the exercise, parameters such as stance phase, plantar force, and gait balance in gait cycle were analyzed by using the F-scan insole pressure distribution measurement system. Results At the same velocity during a gait cycle, the contact phase was significantly shorter with the decrease of gravity, but the swing phase was significantly longer (P0.05). The peak and average plantar force, force integrity were significantly reduced with the decrease of gravity. Under normal gravity, the increase of velocity could lead to an obvious increase in peak and average plantar force and an obvious decrease in force integrity. While under simulated lunar and Mars gravity, no significant changes were found in plantar force (P>0.05). Under the three gravities, the ratio of vertical impact was quite different in between (P<0.05), but no significant difference was found in the phase symmetry index. Conclusions As compared to normal gravity environment, parameters benefiting for skeleton and muscle function such as plantar force and contact phase were found to be much smaller under low gravity environment, indicating the necessity of considering these factors when designing countermeasures or exercise prescriptions for space flight so as to sustain the astronaut’s normal function of skeleton and muscle.

Prokaryotic expression and characterization of two recombinant receptor-binding domain(RBD) proteins of human coronavirus NL63(HcoV-NL63) / 病毒学报

The receptor-binding domain(RBD) protein of HCoV-NL63 is a major target in the development of diagnostic assay and vaccine, it has a pivotal role in receptor attachment, viral entry and membrane fusion. In this study, we prepared 2 purified recombinant HCoV-NL63 RBD proteins using in E. coli system and identified the proteins by Western blotting. We first optimized codon and synthesized the RL (232-684aa)coding gene, then amplified the RL or RS(476-616aa) coding gene via PCR using different primers . The RL or RS coding gene was cloned into the pM48 expression vector fused with TrxA tag. The RBD (RL and RS) of HCoV-NL63 were expressed majorly as inclusion body when expressed in E. coli BL21pLys S under different conditions. The expressed products were purified by affinity chromatography then analyzed by SDS-PAGE and Western blotting. Our results showed that the recombinant RBD proteins were maximally expressed at 37 degrees C with 0. 8mM IPTG induction for 4h. RL or RS protein with 95 % purity was obtained and reacted positively with anti-sera from mice immunized with the recombinant vaccinia virus (Tiantan strain) in which HCoV-NL63 RL or RS protein was expressed. In conclusion, the purified recombinant RBD proteins(RL and RS)derived from E. coli were first prepared in China and they might provide a basis for further exploring biological role and vaccine development of HCoV-NL63.

Effect of simulated microgravity and its associated mechanism on pulmonary circulation in rats / 生物医学与环境科学（英文）

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the effect of Simulated Microgravity and its Associated Mechanism on Pulmonary Circulation in Rats).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Rat tail-suspension model was used to simulate the physiological effects of microgravity and changes in pulmonary blood vessel morphology, pulmonary arterial and venous blood pressure, pulmonary vascular resistance, pulmonary vasomotoricity, as well as the regulation of pulmonary circulation by cytokines produced and released by the lung of rats were measured.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The walls of pulmonary blood vessels of rats were thickened, and the pulmonary artery was reconstructed with increased pulmonary vascular resistance. The pulmonary blood vessels of rats became more prone to dilation as contractions increased. Rat epithelial Adrenomedulin gene transcription and protein expression were upregulated. The level of basic fibroblast growth Factor of rat was also elevated.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Findings from the present study on rats revealed that the microgravity can affect pulmonary blood vessel structure, pulmonary arterial pressure, and pulmonary blood vessel self-regulation and cytokine production.</p>

Antigenicity characterization of six different fragments of SARS-CoV N protein expressed in E. coli / 中华实验和临床病毒学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To determine the antigen characteristics of different fragments of SARS-CoV N protein expressed in E. Coli and their application in the serological diagnosis.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Based on preliminary analysis of 39 different segments of the N protein, We choosed six purified N protein for further antigenicity characterization in this study, including that PN360 (1 -360aa), PN301 (1-301aa), PN199 (30-228aa), PN185 (30-214aa), PN155b (60-214aa), and PN125 (90-214aa). We developed Western-Bolt and ELISA to detect antibody reactivity between truncated N fragments with sera from SARS-CoV-negative normal adults or SARS-CoV patient convalescent sera.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Western-Bolt results show that all the six fragments have reacted with the SARS patient convalescent sera, but the PN360 and PN301 showed obvious cross-reaction with sera from SARS-CoV-negative normal adults; sensitivity analysis using an ELISA coating with PN199, PN185, PN155b, PN125 as antigen showed that the PN185 and PN155b are better than PN125.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Truncated N protein PN185 and PN155b expressed in E. Coli are better antigen candidates used for detection of SARS-CoV specific antibody.</p>

Efficacy of recombinant human vascular endostatin in combination with platinum-based regimen as the first-line therapy for patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer / 肿瘤

Objective: To evaluate the short-term effect and the survival of patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) after receiving recombinant human vascular endostatin (Endostar) therapy in combination with standard platinum-based regimen. Methods: Forty eligible patients were recruited from May 2007 to April 2009, and they received Endostar (15 mg/d, d 1 to d 14, per 3 weeks a cycle) plus platinum-based regimen (per 3 weeks a cycle) for 4-6 cycles. The objective response rate (ORR), disease control rate (DCR), progression-free survival (PFS) and the overall survival (OS) were evaluated. Subgroup analysis was based on the clinicopathological features. Results: Of 40 patients, 37 could be evaluated for short-term response. The ORR was 29.7%, and the DCR was 81.8%; the median PFS was 11.1 months, and the median OS was 23.0 months. Subgroup analysis showed that PFS was associated with histology (hazard ratio = 0.366; 95% confidence interval: 0.160-0.840; P = 0.018) and the clinical stage (hazard ratio = 0.405; 95% confidence interval: 0.174-0.942; P = 0.036). The gender, age, histology and the clinical stage were not associated with OS. Conclusion: Treatment of Endostar in combination with standard platinum-based regimen may prolong the PFS and OS of patients with advanced NSCLC. Copyright© 2011 by the Editorial Board of Tumor.

Characterization and development of recombinant vaccinia viruses expressing different segments of spike protein derived from human coronavirus NL-63 / 病毒学报

The spike (S) glycoprotein of HCoV-NL63 is a major target in the development of diagnostic assays and vaccines, but its antigenic and immunogenic properties remain unclear. Four fragments coding spike proteins (S1, S2, RL and RS) from HCoV-NL63 were amplified and cloned into the expression vector derived from vaccinia virus (Tiantan strain), and recombinant vaccinia viruses expressing four segments of spike proteins were generated (vJSC1175-S1; vJSC1175-S2; vJSC1175-RL; vJSC1175-RS), respectively. Their expression location in cell and level were characterized using indirect immune fluorescence assay (IFA) and Western-Blot, respectively. The expressions of four segments of spike proteins in recombinant vaccinia viruses were showed at appropriate level and with posttranslational modification (glycosylation), and S1, RL and RS were mainly distributed in the cell membrane, while the S2 was mainly distributed in the cytoplasm. Our results provide a basis for further exploring diagnostic role and vaccine development of different spike segments from HCoV-NL63.

Exogenous Nkx2-5 gene expression induces the expression of cardiac markers during P19 cell differentiation in vitro / 南方医科大学学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the role of homeobox gene Nkx2-5 in cardiac myogenesis.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Two P19 cell lines, namely cells transfected with exogenous expression of Nkx2-5 gene and non-transfected cells, were cultured in suspension for 4 days to induce cell aggregation, and the cell aggregates were transferred to the Petri dish for further adherent culture. On days 4, 8, 12 and 16 of adherent culture, the expressions of α-sarcomeric actin (α-SA) and cardiac troponin T (cTnT) protein were detected by immunocytochemistry, and the mRNA expressions of GATA-4, α-myosin heavy chain (α-MHC) and atrial natriuretic factor (ANF) genes by RT-PCR.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>In the transfected cells, α-SA and cTnT protein expressions were detected on days 8, 12 and 16 of adhere culture, and their expressions increased gradually with time. α-SA and cTnT expression was significantly higher on day 16 than on day 8 of culture (P<0.01). RT-PCR analysis of the transfected cell showed the presence of GATA-4 expression on day 4 of adherent culture, and the expression increased on days 8 and 12 but decreased on day 16. ANF and α-MHC expressions were found on days 8, 12, and 16, increasing gradually over time and showing significant differences from those on day 4 (P<0.05 or P<0.01). The expression of α-MHC was significantly higher on days 12 and 16 than on day 8 (P<0.05 or P<0.01), and ANF expression was significantly higher on day 16 than on days 8 and 12 (P<0.01). The non-transfected cells were negative for the expressions of all these genes.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Exogenous expression of Nkx2-5 gene can induce P19 cells to express cardiac markers in vitro.</p>

The effect of vitamin E on renal ischemia/reperfusion injury in young and aged rats / 中国应用生理学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the effect of vitamin E on renal ischemia/reperfusion injury (RI/RI) in young and aged rats.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The model of (RI/RI) was induced by bilateral clamping the renal artery and vein for 45 min followed by reperfusion. The contents of BUN, Scr, MDA, SOD, NO and iNOS were measured. Proteins of HSP70 were observed by immunohistochemistry. Flow cytometer was used to estimate the apoptosis rate of renal cortex cells.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>After ischemia/reperfusion injury, the contents of BUN, Scr and iNOS were increased. Compared with young ischemia/reperfusion group, the contents of MDA were higher and the contents of SOD were lower in aged ischemia/reperfusion group. The expression of HSP70, the contents of NO and the apoptosis rate of renal cortex cells were higher in aged ischemia/reperfusion group than that in control group. Vitamin E significantly decreased the contents of BUN, Scr, MDA and iNOS, and increased the contents of NO and SOD after RI/RI. The expression of HSP70 was increased in both VE groups than that in both I/R groups. The apoptosis rate of renal cortex cells was less in both VE groups than that in both I/R groups.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Vitamins E may up-regulate the expression of HSP70, increase the contents of SOD and NO, and enhance an ability of clear free radicals, which may contributes to decreasing renal ischemia/reperfusion injury in young and aged rats.</p>

Development of serological detection assays for human coronavirus HKU1 infection and its application / 中华实验和临床病毒学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To express the nuclear capsid protein (N protein) and the spike protein (S protein) of HCoV-HKU1, and to develop the corresponding serum assay for antibody detection.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The N protein of HCoV-HKU1 was expressed in E. Coli, anti-N antibody assay was established using Western Blotting with turn-based membrane. HCoV-HKU1 S protein was constructed in the eukaryotic expression plasmids, and confirmed by Western Blotting, S antibody assay was established using indirect immunofluorescence assay (IFA). We analyzed anti-S and anti-N antibody among 100 normal adult serum.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Expression of S and N protein were confirmed; 100 normal adult serum were analyzed using the established serological detection assay, in which HCoV-HKU1 S antibody positive rate was 47%, N antibody positive rate was 48%, Both S and N antibodies positive were 21%, Both S and N antibodies negative were 22%. Co-detection S and N antibody was achieved 74% positive rate.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The methods we established here could be used for serological analysis of HCoV-HKU1. Either detection of HCoV-HKU1 S or N antibodies achieved good results. Higher positive detection rate of anti-S or anti-N antibody was found in the normal adults.</p>

Hallux valgus deformity treated with the extensor hallucis longus tendon transfer by dynamic correction / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>Recurrence of hallux valgus is considered to be the most common problem experienced postoperatively. We designed and carried out operations to correct hallux valgus by transferring the extensor hallucis longus (EHL) tendon to reduce the likelihood of recurrence.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Twenty-five patients (38 feet) with the average age of (46.3 ± 12.3) (range, 22 to 60) years underwent the operation. The American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society score and weight-bearing radiographs of the foot were applied to assess the feet pre- and postoperatively with a mean duration of follow-up of (38.2 ± 3.2) months. The surgical procedure includes the release of the distal soft tissues, excision of the medial eminence, plication of the medial part of the capsule, and transfer of the EHL tendon, and reconstructing its insertion.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>At follow-up, 35 feet (23 patients, 85%) were free from pain at the first metatarsophalangeal (MTP) joint. In three feet (two patients), the pain was alleviated but persisted. The mean hallux valgus angle decreased significantly from a preoperative 38.3° ± 8.0° to 7.3° ± 2.0° at the time of the most recent follow-up (P < 0.0001), and the mean intermetatarsal (IM) angle decreased significantly from preoperative 12.5° ± 3.4° to postoperative 6.5° ± 2.4° (P < 0.0001). The mean score according to the American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society had increased from 46.5 to 84.8 points (P < 0.0001).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Hallux valgus can be corrected by transferring the EHL tendon medially and reconstructing its insertion. The technique can achieve stress balance of metatarsophalangeal joints and therefore prevent the recurrence of hallux valgus.</p>

Expression and immunity of multi-HIV B'/C subype genes in replicating DNA vaccines / 病毒学报

To understand the effect of various gene structures of HIV B'/C subtype on the gene expression and immunity in DNA vaccine, replicating DNA vector pSCK2 was used to construct seven DNA vaccines carrying one or more of HIV B'/C subtype genes: gagpol, gp160 and rtn (rev, tat and nef fusion gene). Immunofluorescence staining indicated that Gag, Gp160, Rev, Tat and Nef could be expressed from the seven DNA vaccines. Stronger expression was observed with the gene in single-gene expression plasmid or with the gene located at upper-IRES in double- or multi-gene expression plasmid. ELISA test showed that Gag induced higher antibody response, but the antibody titers stimulated by Gp160, Pol, or RTN were very low. Both Gag single-gene expression plasmid and Gag-RTN double-gene expression plasmid separately inoculating induced stronger antibody response against Gag than Gag-Gp160 double-gene expression plasmid and Gagpol-Gp160-RTN multi-gene expression plasmid or combined inoculation of Gag and Gp160 single-gene expression plasmids did. ELISPOT detection showed that all the seven DNA vaccines could stimulate cellular immune response against Gag, Pol, Gp160, Tat, and Nef, respectively. Gagpol or Gp160 single-gene expression plasmid separately inoculating stimulated the strongest cellular immune response. Tat and Nef expressed in all the plasmids induced similar immune response. These results indicated that HIV B'/C subtype genes gagpol, gp160 and rtn could be efficiently expressed in the replicating DNA vaccine vector, single-gene expression plasmid had the higher gene expression level and induced stronger immune response; combined immunization of Gagpol and Gp160 had dramatically lower immunity than Gagpol or Gp160 separated immunization did. Immunity of RTN had no difference between combined and separated immunizations. Therefore, in case of immunization with DNA vaccines containing different HIV genes, it is necessary to optimize the combined immunization procedure, especially for the combination of Gag and Gp160-containing vaccines.

Consecutive five-year follow-up analysis of specific IgG antibody of 22 cases of SARS patients after recovery / 病毒学报

To study IgG antibody persistence and temporal change in SARS coronavirus (SARS-CoV) infected patients, 22 patients recovered from SARS in Beijing were recruited and followed-up from 2004 to 2008, serum samples from patients were collected every year. We checked and analyzed the SARS-CoV IgG antibody (Ab) for five consecutive years using the commercial ELISA test kit. The results showed that: all of the serum were SARS-IgG antibody-positive the first year after recovery, the titer of most serum remained at high levels at the 2ed and 3rd year post infection. The Ab titers significantly declined at 4th year post infection. The IgG Ab was almost undetectable after 5 years post infection. In conclusion, SARS-CoV IgG Ab can be maintained for more than 3 years post infection, however, the titer of IgG Ab has declined markedly 4 years later. These data provide a useful reference for diagnosis and control of SARS infection, the evaluation of immune response and vaccine efficacy.

Effects of clobenpropit and histidine on reinstatement of morphine-induced conditioned place preference / 浙江大学学报·医学版

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the effects of clobenpropit and histidine on reinstatement of morphine-induced conditioned place preference (CPP) in rats.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The persistence, extinction and reinstatement of morphine-induced CPP were established.In clobenpropit group three different doses of clobenpropit (2, 5 and 10 microg/rat, i.c.v.) were administered 15 min after morphine (1 mg/kg, i.p.) was injected. In histidine group histidine (100, 200, 500 mg/kg) was given 1 h prior to morphine treatment (1 mg/kg i.p).</p><p><b>RESULT</b>The CPP was reinstated by priming injection of 1 mg/kg morphine. Clobenpropit (5, 10 microg/rat) significantly inhabited the reinstatement by a priming dose of morphine-induced CPP compared with the morphine control group; histidine (100, 200, 500 mg/kg) significantly inhibited the reinstatement in a dose-dependent manner.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Clobenpropit and histidine inhibit the revival of morphine-induced CPP in a dose dependent manner, indicating that endogenous histamine may inhibit relapse of morphine to some extent.</p>

Influence of Chinese drugs for cooling blood and dissolving stasis in different concentrations on morphology of choroidal neovascularization / 中国中西医结合杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the influence of Chinese drugs for cooling blood and dissolving stasis (CBDS) in different concentrations on morphology of krypton laser induced choroidal neovascularization (CNV) in brown Norway (BN) rats.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Forty-eight rats received laser irradiation (659 nm) on fundus of one eye (power 360 mW, spot diameter 50 microm, time 0.05 s). They were divided into four groups equally: the control group (A) treated with normal saline, and the three CBDS groups treated respectively with high (B, 5.0 g/kg), median (C, 2.5 g/kg) and low (D, 1.25 g/kg) dosage of CBDS, twice every day via gastric perfusion for 21 successive days. Fundus fluorescein angiography (FFA) on 4 selected rats in each group was performed at the 7th, 14th and 21st day after photocoagulation, and histopathologic examination using light microscope with immuno-histochemical stain was conducted on them as well.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>FFA showed that CNV was firstly appeared on day 7 after photocoagulation, in Group A, it expanded gradually and reached the peak on day 21, but showed no significant expansion in the three CBDS groups. The fluorescein leakage in Group C (52343.13 +/- 12973.92 dots) and D (66252.78 +/- 20659.71 dots) was significantly less than that in Group A (91457.19 +/- 29309.11 dots) and B (95973.40 +/- 53950.43 dots) on day 21, all showing statistical significance (P<0.05). The variation of CNV in thickness showed that in Group A it increased gradually from day 7 and reached the peak on day 21 (55.3383 +/- 8.5036 microm); but in the CBDS groups, the peak was reached on day 14, then became thinned gradually, on day 21, it was 40.0913 +/- 13.3448 microm in Group B, 38.8473 +/- 7.9862 microm in Group C and 38.9372 +/- 5.1728 microm in Group D, all thinner than that in Group A significantly (P<0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>CDBS can effectively suppress the krypton laser induced CNV proliferation and prevent the CNV leakage in BN rats.</p>

Application of NOD/SCID mice in research of experimental hematology - review / 中国实验血液学杂志

NOD/SCID (non-obese diabetic/severe combined immunodeficient) mice are immune deficient mice which are made by backcross of severe combined immunodeficient mice with non-obese diabetic mice strains. NOD/SCID mice are both innate immune deficiencies and lack of T and B lymphocytes. Various tumor cells can be implanted in this kind of mice, the rejection and graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) occur fewer. Therefore, NOD/SCID mice gradually become a useful tool for the study on Experimental Hematology. This paper comprehensively reviews the biological characteristics of NOD/SCID mice, the establishment of human leukemia model, stem cell transplantation, drug research, deficiency and improvement of NOD/SCID mice in application for study.

Construction of bicistronic eukaryotic expression vector containing HA and M2 genes derived from high pathogenic avian influenza virus (HPAI) H5N1 (Anhui strain)and its efficient expression in mammalian cells / 病毒学报

HA and M2 genes derived from human highly pathogenic avian influenza H5N1 virus (A/Anhui/ 1/2005) isolated from China, were amplified and cloned into the DNA vaccine expression vector pVRC. In order to improve the expression of hemagglutinin, the human codon usage preference was made and the whole length of HA gene of H5NI (A/Anhui/1/2005) influenza virus was synthesized,named HA/YH/K, and inserted to pVRC vector, the expression of HA/YH/K protein in eukaryotic cells was significantly improved according to internal control of actin protein. Furthermore, the M2 and HA/YH/K genes were cloned into bicistronic eukaryotic expressing vector pIRES to yield the recombinant plasmid pIRES-HA/ YH/K-M2/YS/K, which could expressed HA and M2 protein simultaneously by transfection of one plasmid. Western blot and IFA showed that the recombinant pIRES-HA/YH/K-M2/YS/K plasmid was successfully expressed in several mammalian cells (Hela, MDCK and 293FT). The above results may help to identify the function and pathogenic mechanism of HA, M2 genes derived from HPAI H5N1 (Anhui strain) and pave a way for the development of novel bivalent vaccines against human highly pathogenic avian influenza virus and for preparedness for influenza pandemic.

Development and application of a safe SARS-CoV neutralization assay based on lentiviral vectors pseudotyped with SARS-CoV spike protein / 病毒学报

The severe acute respiratory syndrome-associated coronavirus (SARS-CoV) spike protein (S) is a major target for neutralizing antibody. To develop and apply a safe neutralization assay for SARS-CoV, lentiviral SARS-CoV S pseudotypes had been constructed based on a three plasmid system, which contained pVRC8304 (harboring codon optimized full-length SARS-CoV S protein), pCMV delta 8. 2 (HIV-1 gag/pol construct) and pHR'CMV EGFP (the green fluorescent protein reporter construct). The pseudo-typed lentiviral particles were used to develop an in vitro microneutralization assay that was both sensitive and specific for SARS-CoV neutralizing antibody. We used this assay to determine the titers of the neutralizing antibodies (Nabs) in serum samples from mice immunized with various rVVs expressing different S fragments of SARS-CoV. The serum antibodies derived from S and various segments of S1 region neutralized SARS-CoV in vitro. No cross-neutralization occurred with the goat antiserum prepared with inactivated HCoV-OC43 or HCoV-229E. Neutralization titers measured by this assay were highly parallel with those measured by the assay using live SARS-CoV. Because the pseudotype assay does not require handling live SARS virus, it is a useful tool to determine serum neutralizing titers during natural infection and the preclinical evaluation of candidate vaccines.